Forget Aristotle: Alexander the Great and the military origins of modern political organisation
My argument is that it was the political organisation of the Macedonian military, developed by Philip of Macedon, that formed the basis of Alexander the Great’s notion of empire.
Roman chain mail discovered in Germany
Archaeologists from Freie Universität Berlin made a spectacular discovery in their excavations of a Roman-Germanic battlefield at the Harzhorn in Lower Saxony.
Did the Ancient Egyptians of the Old, Middle and New Kingdom ever reach Malta and the Central Mediterranean?
A number of ancient Egyptian artefacts have reached the Maltese islands over the centuries. The Phoenicians seem to have been the main importers of these artefacts in antiquity, and yet some archaeological specimens reached the islands before their time.
A Roman Legion Lost in China
The battle of Carrhae ended fifty-three years before the birth of Jesus Christ, on the last day of May. It was a shameful disaster for the Roman army: seven legions with the strength of 45,000 men were humiliated and routed by 10,000 Parthian archers.
A Roman Legion Lost in China
The battle of Carrhae ended fifty-three years before the birth of Jesus Christ, on the last day of May. It was a shameful disaster for the Roman army: seven legions with the strength of 45,000 men were humiliated and routed by 10,000 Parthian archers.
The shape of the Roman world
‘ORBIS: The Stanford Geospatial Network Model of the Roman World’ simulates the time and price costs of travel by land, river and sea across the mature imperial transportation network, notionally approximating conditions around 200 CE. In the version used for this paper, the model links some 750 sites (mostly cities but also some landmarks such as passes and promontories) by means of c.85,000 kilometers of Roman roads selected to represent the principal arterial connections throughout the empire.
ROMAN FORT ENVIRONS GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY AT TRAWSCOED ROMAN FORT AND ERGLODD FORTLET
The 2006 surveys were carried out using a Bartington Grad601 dual gradiometer which consists of two gradiometers working in tandem. These instruments detect variations in the earth’s magnetic field caused by the presence of iron in the soil.
Dressed for the Occasion: Clothes and Context in the Roman army
Modern images and reconstructions of the Roman soldier’s appearance nearly always show a fully-armed, often grim-looking combatant, wearing helmet and armour and sporting several weapons.
'Like a Certain Tornado of Peoples': Warfare of the European Huns in the Light of Graeco-Latin Literary Tradition
The paper deals with the art of warfare of the Huns, who invaded Southeast Europe in the last third of the 4th century A.D. and dominated there through the third quarter of the 5th century
Rome and Parthia: Power Politics and Diplomacy Across Cultural Frontiers
Persia and Parthia were two of the great ‘others’ that shaped the limits of the Graeco-Roman world, and were also imagined worlds where European values were explored, excluded, and projected.