O Samas (Sun God) these are the images of my sorcerer; These are the images of my sorceress…
You, Samas the judge, know them, but I do not know them.
These are they, these are their images.
Since they are not present, I bear aloft their images.
You, Samas the judge … overwhelm them so I not be wronged!
(All translations in this article are by Professor Tzvi Abusch)
About 3,000 years ago Mesopotamian rulers, and other elite members of society, feared that witches were working against them.







